This is an introduction.
Languages are used wherever there is a population. These languages may differ. In the course of interaction, these languages can also meet, and produce different results. However, speakers are not in control of the outcomes. Many times, words are borrowed from one language to another. People may also work together to learn the languages of others, resulting in multilingualism or bilingualism. In the Caribbean though, genocide and the invasion by Europe caused the language to die in many places. This led to a shift in languages, including Creole.
Barbados is one of Britain’s first colonies. They settled on the island in 1627 and found it deserted. Due to the fact that the island had been abandoned, the British did not face any opposition when they arrived. They also found the land very rich and decided to settle there with the consent of the crown, because finances would be necessary. In order to increase Britain’s economic power, they began growing tobacco and cotton. They were naturally looking to expand. In the beginning, Barbados was populated by white servants who were indentured from Britain. The servants recruited were the lowest-class English workers who wanted to benefit from greater opportunities in America. They were paid a few shillings each. In the 1630s this continuous flow was established, and as more whites began to plant sugarcane in Barbados, ships carrying up to 800 people left London or Southampton. Cromwell sent his prisoners to Barbados after 1648. This included prisoners from the battles of Preston & Colchester as also those taken during the Irish rebellion. Barbados became Cromwell’s landfill. Cromwell used it to dispose of people who were not suitable for trial. It became common practice. Scotland also started shipping rebels from Scotland to Barbados. Over time the indentured laborers were shipped from England to Barbados less frequently as there became more options in other colonies. For example, Jamaica had shorter contracts as well as acres of free land. Anti-emigration laws also had a negative impact on the labor market, since merchants were charged with kidnapping or luring people to become servants in Barbados. The Navigation Acts of 1661/1660 deterred the Scottish service trade by making it illegal for ships transporting servants to England to be registered in English ports. Scottish merchants didn’t like the new law, so they left Barbados. All of these changes increased the cost of white workers, because merchants now had to pay for police officers to search their ships and to conduct medical tests on their employees. White labor was no longer attractive. The British, on the advice of the Dutch and Sephardics who had been cut off from the Portuguese during the Brazilian Civil War, teamed up with them at this time to obtain slaves in West Africa. Prime male slaves could be purchased for a low price. In the following years, thousands of African slaves arrived in Barbados where they were forced to work as plantation workers alongside white indentured labourers. Between 1627 and 1650, Barbados was the place where Africans first met Europeans. Barbados at this time was dominated by whites with British, Scottish or Irish ancestry. There were a few Africans slaves. These African slaves inhabited small farm houses with European workers. The contact between them and the Europeans was very common, as they lived in close proximity. We must remember the contract nature. First, Europeans from Barbados come from different countries and, depending on their class and background, they are expected to speak nonstandard English. The Africans, who were forced to move to Barbados, were separated from their mothers and families. Detesting the Europeans is a natural reaction, and this would translate into a resistance to their own language. The Africans did not adopt the language of the oppressors but instead created their own. The language was not only a way to communicate between African slaves, but it also represented victory. Although they were enslaved and forced to migrate, they could still control the language that they spoke. They could keep a distance from European languages, cultures and oppression by establishing their language. From 1650 to 1960, there were two phases of exonormative stabilizer and nativizer. During this time, many things happened. First, Africans outnumbered Europeans because sugar cultivation was more labor intensive and indentured workers were unwilling to do this. The British used Africans to replace indentured workers who had moved up to higher positions. These newly arrived Africans were taught Creole. By then, there were also many children who learned Creole. Many people believe that Europeans adopted the lisping accent of negroes because their language was heavily influenced Creole. According to some, the high number of whites in Barbados are the reason why Bajan creole is so light compared to other Caribbean dialects. Bajan Creole sounds strange because of its Irish and Scottish influences. It has many similarities to English. But it also contains some Creole words and phrases. Barbados has a flat terrain, which is credited with its Creole’s similarity to English. Bajans are a very different people since their emancipation in 1966 and their independence. Blacks, who now constitute the majority, are in a position of political power. They also share a common sense of patriotism, belonging and triumph. Bajan, which is a Creole-based language, is widely used in the literature and media, as well as by black Bajans. Barbados has a diglossic system, meaning that English is the only official language. Creole can only be used for informal occasions, such as family conversations or casual conversation. Wait for the Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage was published to codify Creole. Referencing
Original: The process of creating an effective presentation
Paraphrased: Developing an effective presentation
Sheppard, J. (1974). A History Sketch of the Barbados Poor Whites, From Indentured Workers to